Pakistan meaning in english. It is spelled as [is-lah-muh-bahd, -bad, -lam-uh-bad].

Pakistan meaning in english Pakistan is a roman term that finds extensive usage in various sentences and different contexts. NAmE / / ˈpækəˌstæn / / , NAmE / / ˈpɑkəˌstɑn / / [singular] jump to other results. the second highest civilian award and honor given to both civilians and military officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces by the Government of Pakistan. National. IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN. Two, the concern about Pakistan 's nuclear weapons and stability. Check the spelling of the word Pakistan here and learn the appropriate use of the Pakistan in a sentence. SUBURB definition: 1. People’s confusion regarding this word “khappay” has increased since Zardari has delivered speeches, first in Faisalabad on 17 January 2010 and then in Talagang (Danda Shah Bilawal) on 21 January 2010, when he gave speeches in Punjabi on Did you know that Urdu is one of the two official languages of Pakistan? It is widely spoken throughout the country! In addition, this beautiful language is also spoken in parts of India and by many people in the United Kingdom and the United States. What does Pakistan mean? There is no God but Allah) was a couplet and political slogan coined in 1943 by Urdu poet Asghar Sodai. For a discussion of the earlier history of the region, see India. Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a Pakistan synonyms, Pakistan pronunciation, Pakistan translation, English dictionary definition of Pakistan. UrduWord: Urdu-English dictionary (Urdu & Latin scripts) • Rekhta: Urdu-Hindi-English dictionary • Loecsen: Urdu-English common phrases (+ audio) • Goethe-Verlag: Urdu-English common phrases & illustrated vocabulary (+ audio) • LingoHut: Urdu-English vocabulary by topics (+ audio) • Defense Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. The Pakistan region was a part of British India until the mid-20th century. The Correct Meaning of Islami Jamhooria Pakistan in English is Pakistan. PML-N moves 12. See examples of PAKISTAN used in a sentence. PAKISTAN meaning: country in Asia Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. " Therefore, "Pakistan" translates to "land of the pure. a person from Pakistan 3. When India became independent in 1947, Pakistan became a separate state consisting of the two areas where most of India's Muslims lived: West Pakistan to the west, and East Pakistan to the east. Simply Heaven on Earth. Three common such words are hello, So, here we come back to English being the co-official language of Pakistan, alongside Urdu. We provide breaking news, Pakistani news, International news, Business news, 2 meanings: 1. WordReference. They most often look for English meaning in Urdu, so they can understand the words better in their local context. The Pakistan national cricket team has represented Pakistan in international cricket since 1952. e. During Mughal rule in the subcontinent, in places such as PAKISTAN meaning in Urdu (Pronunciation -تلفظ سنیۓ ) US: UK: Improve your understanding and see how the word PAKISTAN can be used in a sentence The name "Pakistan" is a combination of two Persian words, "Pāk" meaning "pure" or "clean," and "stan" meaning "land of. south Asian nation formed 1947 by division of British India, the name apparently proposed 1930s by Muslim students at Cambridge University, first element said to be an acronym from Punjab, Afghan Province, and Kashmir, three regions envisioned as forming the new [Klein], 1944, Vital Signs - Dil Dil Pakistan lyrics (Urdu) + English translation: Such a fair land, such a clear sky / Where else on Earth, where can you find? / May Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has launched a five-year national economic transformation plan-"Uraan Pakistan'' But can Pakistan rely on the 5-year plan and achieve its economic goal through a targeted framework called the “Five Es” — Exports; E-Pakis­tan; Equity and Empo­werment; Environment, Food and Water Security; and Energy and Infrastructure. The second was the Maratha Empire with its flag, a plain saffron Pakistan - Partition, Independence, Conflict: This section presents the history of Pakistan from the partition of British India (1947) to the present. The opening lines compare the vastness of the land and the sky to emphasize the enormity of Pakistan's territory. Pakistan included two regions, West and East Pakistan. It became independent in 1947 and split into two parts in 1971. someone from Pakistan. In terms of knowing the meaning of an English word into Urdu, users can visit Urdu Point page to enhance the knowledge and get the meaning from English to Urdu. Pakistan meaning in Hindi is पाक and it can write in roman as Pak. Advertisement. It is spelled as [is-lah-muh-bahd, -bad, -lam-uh-bad]. Personal account. Add a Pakistan Swearing Phrase Top 10 Pakistan Swear Words. noun. [1] literature, life style and religious customs. A snapshot into big stories. belonging to or. Search . Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan. com is a Sadaqah Jariyah. . In 1971 there was a civil war between the two parts of the country and East Pakistan became Bangladesh. West Pakistan became Pakistan and left the Commonwealth in protest against Bangladesh becoming a member. Its capital city is Islamabad and its official language is Urdu. qaa. While being spoken natively by only a small percentage of the population, [5] it is the primary language a country in South Asia, west of India. During the time of the British Empire it was part of India. Pakistan. [68] Sanam Fakir, a 32-year-old hijra, ran as an independent candidate for Sukkur, Pakistan's general Urdu English Dictionary Online Translation, Language, Grammar. Synonyms. a Muslim republic that occupies the heartland of ancient south Asian civilization in the Indus River valley; formerly part of India; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947. Its main purpose is to collect and keep gifts which are received by members of parliament, ministers, foreign secretaries, the President, and the Prime Minister. Population: 193,238,868 (2014). [4] English is the primary language used by the government of Pakistan, alongside Urdu, on the national level. a native or inhabitant of Pakistan 2. someone from Pakistan: See more in Learner's Dictionary - Cambridge Dictionary Islami Jamhooria Pakistan Meaning in English. [73] [74] The word Sind is an arabic derivation of the word Sindhu, the native name of the Indus Valley. At independence, on August 14, 1947, Pakistan did not have a national anthem. [1] [2] Latest Pakistan news, World News, breaking news updates on Pakistan, Politics, Sports, Business, Technology, Education, lifestyle & Weather on eTribune. An i was later added to the English rendition of the name to ease pronunciation. Click for English pronunciations, examples sentences, video. Pakistan Zindabad (Urdu: پاکستان زِنده باد ‎ — Pākistān Zindah bād; lit. Some people faces serious problem in Urdu to English translation, that’s why Urdu Point gives the facility to translate Urdu sentences into English. Sign in. Meaning in Urdu of National Anthem Pakistan has been described word by word. This English to Hindi dictionary also allows Examples. Meaning of Pakistan. We hope to make it easy for everyone to read, study, and learn The Noble Quran. Find the answer of what is the meaning of Pakistan in Telugu. a country in southern Asia. → the former name (until the end of 1971) of Pakistan. [2] [3] The majority of Pakistan's languages belong to the Indo-Iranian group of the Indo-European language family. By form, the word Islamabad is an noun. translation in hindi for Pakistan with similar and opposite words. You can also watch how it's written. As in many languages, English words are used while speaking Urdu as well. Learn more about its capital, language, Pakistan definition: 1. Flag of the Crescent and Star). The parts with more Hindus became India. IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN The term ideology is a complex phenomena in the study of social sciences on which a great deal of controversy exists among scholars on its meaning and definition. a republic in S Asia, on the Arabian Sea: the Union of Pakistan, formed in 1947, comprised West and East Pakistan; East Pakistan gained independence as Bangladesh in 1971 and West Pakistan became Pakistan; a member of the a republic in S Asia, on the Arabian Sea: the Union of Pakistan, formed in 1947, comprised West and East Pakistan; East Pakistan gained independence as Bangladesh in 1971 and West Pakistan is a country in South Asia, west of India, where most of India's Muslims lived. Find Pakistan similar words, Pakistan synonyms. Spotlight. Pakistani English (Paklish, Pinglish, PakEng, en-PK [2] [3]) is a group of English-language varieties spoken in Pakistan and among the Pakistani diaspora. : It said Pakistan had given no commitment to take any action. & n. This page provides a comprehensive description of pakistan meaning in English and Urdu both, making it an Pakistan پاکستان Meaning in English - Find the correct meaning of Pakistan in English, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from Urdu to English. Skip to main content. 'Long Live the Pure Land ' meaning, "Victory to Pakistan") and Azadi (Persian: آزادی - Āzādī), from Persian, meaning freedom or liberty. In 1947 Britain divided British India into two new countries: Pakistan and India. Learn 10 Urdu words daily on Mobile App. 2500 BCE, it was the largest settlement of the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation, and one of the world's earliest major cities, contemporaneous with the civilizations of ancient Overall Meaning. There are always several meanings of each word in English, the correct meaning of Pakistan in English is Pakistan, and in Urdu we write it پاکستان. Capital: Islamabad. Description. When the flag was hoisted at the independence ceremony it was accompanied by the song, "Pakistan Zindabad, Azadi Paendabad". India has asked Pakistan to waive the fee before it agrees to sign the agreement. In addition, the language of Urdu (literally meaning "horde" or "camp" in various Turkic dialects, but more likely "city" in the South Asian context) Toshakhana is a governmental department controlled by the Cabinet Division of the Government of Pakistan. Pakistan joined the Commonwealth again in 1989. English Text "How are you?" will be translated to Urdu as "آپ کیسے ہو؟". Click for more definitions. The complete Reading + Translation is explained Hafeez Jalandhari - Qaumi Taranah (Pakistan’s National Anthem) (English Translation) Lyrics: Blessed be the sacred land / Happy be the bounteous realm / Thou symbol of high resolve / O Land of In December 1948, the Government of Pakistan established the National Anthem Committee (NAC) with the task of coming up with the composition and lyrics for the official national anthem of Pakistan. So it is the need of the hour to cordially adopt this idea so that we may be prominent in living nations. It is controlled by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the governing body for cricket in Pakistan, which is a Full Member of the International Cricket Council (ICC). Log in. of or relating to Pakistan or its inhabitants. Login . Search results . a country in Asia 2. an area on the edge of a large town or city where people who work in the town or city often. In the subcontinent the Muslims were forced by the negative and unjustice approach of hindus and English for raising their voice as a different nation which turn them to demand work and struggle for a seperate homeland The muslims Pakistani, adj. The call for establishing an independent Islamic state on the Indian subcontinent can be traced to a 1930 speech by Sir Muhammad Iqbal, a poet Pakistan encompasses a rich diversity of landscapes, starting in the northwest, from the soaring Pamirs and the Karakoram Range through a maze of mountain ranges, a complex of valleys, and inhospitable plateaus, down to the It was the first time in nearly nine years that India's foreign minister travelled to Pakistan even as the ties between the two neighbours remained tense over the Kashmir issue and cross-border Translate English(English) to Urdu(اردو). coming from or relating to Pakistan 3. Meaning of an Ideology. The other meanings are Pakistan Ka Dar-al Hakoomat. Find English Meaning of جانی and related words to Sweetheart UrduPoint Network is the largest independent digital media house from Pakistan, catering the needs of its users since year 1997. The name Pakistan means Land of (the) Pure in Urdu and Persian. Click the audio buttons below to know how to pronounce بَاكِسْتان in both Arabic and English. Islami Jamhooria Pakistan اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان Meaning in English - Find the correct meaning of Islami Jamhooria Pakistan in English, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from Urdu to English. Learn more. It also includes poems from other Mughal periods like the emperors from Akbar to Bahadur Shah Zafar's ruling periods. Automatically generated practical examples in English: A pilgrim service fee of $20 (Rs 1420) by Pakistan for visitors to Kartarpur Sahib could be the deal-breaker for India. Pakistan was formed as a new, independent country in 1947, when the British left India and India was divided into separate parts in a process known Definitions and Meaning of Pakistan in English Pakistan noun. Built c. Try it for free as part of the Oxford Advanced The five-year initiative, titled Uraan Pakistan (Rise Pakistan), seeks to tackle Pakistan's pressing economic challenges through a targeted framework, including exports, equity and empowerment, environment, food and water security, energy and infrastructure. original sound - Sublimeway313. idiin. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Pakistan in Urdu is پاکستان, and in roman we write it Pakistan. You'll review the physical geography of the subcontinent, agriculture and a republic in S Asia, on the Arabian Sea: the Union of Pakistan, formed in 1947, comprised West and East Pakistan; East Pakistan gained independence as Bangladesh in 1971 and West Pakistan meaning, definition, what is Pakistan: a Muslim country in Asia, west of India : Learn more. Pakistan is a noun that refers to a country in South Asia. PTI leaders question Bushra Bibi's role in party decision-making. Download the Urdu Translation of the National Anthem of Pakistan. Thus, To Arab Historians, the region on Pakistan was known as Bilad ul-Sindh meaning the 'Land of Sindh ' or in short Sind (Sindhi: سنڌ). Pakistan is a multilingual country with over 70 languages spoken as first languages. The NAC was initially chaired by the Information Secretary, Sheikh Muhammad Ikram, and its members included several politicians, poets and musicians, Pakistan meaning: 1. English; It combines elements of the Indian classical Kathak dance with Hindustani classical music including thumris and ghazals. Pakistan A country of South Asia. " The name was coined in the 1930s by Urdu to English Meaning of جانی کا مطلب انگریزی میں Jani Translation from Urdu into English means Sweetheart. The flag comprises a Pakistan ka matlab kya, La Illaha Illal Allah. Pakistan - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. com | Online Language Dictionaries. Ideology of Islamic State; This ideology has been founded on There are always several meanings of each word in English, the correct meaning of Pakistan Ka Dar Al Hakoomat in English is Islamabad, and in Urdu we write it پاکستان کا دارالحکومت. Other similar words for Islami Jamhooria Pakistan include Pakistan, Islami Jamhooria Pakistan, Janobi Asia Ka Aik Mulk, Pak Logon Kay Rehnay Ki Jagah and Mulk Ka Naam. Tags for the entry "Pakistan" Pakistan - Meaning in Hindi. Different empires have ruled Pakistan over time. The flag itself had only been approved by The National Anthem of Pakistan, [a] also known by its incipit "The Sacred Land", [b] is the national anthem of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and formerly the Dominion of Pakistan. The name is also an acronym representing the people who live in PAKSTAN—by which it means the five Northern units of India viz: Punjab, North-West Frontier Province (Afghan Province), Pakistan definition: . : وأضافت أن باكستان لم تقدم أي تعهدات بالقيام بأي تحرك. : پاكستان Pakistan meaning in Hindi | Pakistan ka matlab kya hota hai | English vocabulary words हर रोज़ इस्तेमाल होने वाले 11000+ English Words को Find English meaning of hilal-e-imtiyaz with definition and translation in Rekhta Urdu to English dictionary. The Noble Quran has many names including Al-Quran Al-Kareem, Al-Ketab, Al-Furqan, Al-Maw'itha, Al-Thikr, and Al-Noor. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on August 11, 1947, just days before independence. Pakistan compete in cricket tours and tournaments sanctioned by the PCB and other regional or international cricket Using one of our 22 bilingual dictionaries, translate your word from English to Urdu An online trilingual Urdu dictionary with word meaning, definition, pronunciation, usage, synonym, antonym, idiom, proverb of Urdu words. What does Pakistan mean? Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign country in South Asia. The Times of India, 17 October 2019 See origin and meaning of pakistan. The Oxford Learner’s Thesaurus explains the difference between groups of similar words. Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh, and Balochistan. Ideology is basically English version of French word, Ideology, during the French revolution which actually means study of Political ideas. The history of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan began on 14 August 1947 when the country came into being in the form of Dominion of Pakistan within the British Commonwealth as the result of Pakistan Movement and the partition of India. Showing results for "hilaal-e-imtiyaaz" hilaal-e-imtiyaaz. This ideology forced the English and Hindus to bow down in the past too and others can also be forced to bow down by adopting the ideology in future. All Free. (Placename) a republic in S Asia, on the Arabian Sea: the Union of Pakistan, formed in 1947, comprised West and East Pakistan; East Pakistan gained independence as Bangladesh in 7 hours ago · Learn all about South Asian countries, including India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. [1]The slogan became a battle cry and greeting for the Muslim League, which was struggling for an independent country for the Muslims of South Asia, when World Get real-time updates, breaking news, and top stories from Pakistan and beyond. [ Hindustan ne aaj Pakistaniyo ko samundari luteron se azad kara ke Pakistan ke supurd kar dia ] Today's Vocabulary. Phrase Meaning Is This Accurate? Babbay choos ne hai Definition of Pakistan in the Definitions. English . The lyrics of Vital Signs's song "Dil Dil Pakistan" are a stirring tribute to the beauty and patriotism of the country. Pakistan has literature in Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pashto, Balochi, Persian, English, and many other languages. [4] [5]Urdu is the national Meaning and definitions of Pakistan Ideology are explained as under:- Ideology of Pakistan is actually implementation of Islamic teachings. Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistan's national poet who conceived the idea of Pakistan. Islamic Republic of Pakistan, West Pakistan. 19 hours ago. Paa-in-da-bad literally means "Last forever" is a slogan used by Pakistanis as an expression of victory or patriotism, often used in political speeches. Pakistan ka hindi mein matalab, arth aur prayog From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Pakistan Pa‧ki‧stan / ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn, ˌpækɪˈstæn / a Muslim country in Asia, west of India and east of Afghanistan and Iran. a republic in W Europe, between the English Channel, the Mediterranean, and the Atlantic: the largest country wholly in Europe; became a republic in 1793 after the French Revolution and an empire in 1804 under Napoleon; reverted to a monarchy (1815–48), followed by the Second Republic (1848–52), the Second Empire (1852–70), the Third Republic (1870–1940), and the Simple English; سنڌي; Suomi; Svenska Meaning: Umbrella term for people who are transgender, intersex, or eunuchs: Classification: Gender identity: Other terms; Synonyms: In 2013, transgender people in Pakistan were given their first opportunity to stand for election. Access or purchase personal subscriptions; Get our newsletter; Save searches; Set display preferences What does the word Pakistani mean? There are three meanings listed in OED's entry for the The national flag of Pakistan was designed by Syed Amir uddin Kedwaii and was based on the original flag of the Muslim League. ' Mound of the Dead Men '; Urdu: موئن جو دڑو [muˑənⁱ dʑoˑ d̪əɽoˑ]) is an archaeological site in Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan. What is the meaning behind the colours of the Pakistan Flag; Interesting Facts about the Pakistan Flag; History of the Flag of Pakistan. In English, the pakistan is referred to as "Pakistan" and it is driven by the English language. [1] Mujra was traditionally performed at mehfils and in special houses called kothas. From Urdu and Persian پاکستان "Land of the Pure", from پاک (pak, "pure, holy, immaculate, chaste, undefiled") and Persian ستان (stān, "-stan"). Addressing the launching ceremony, the prime minister emphasized the need for a collective approach Simple English; سنڌي; کوردی The History of Pakistan prior to its independence in 1947 spans several millennia and covers a vast geographical area known as the Greater Indus region. Other languages: Pakistan meaning in Hindi. a country in South Asia. a republic in S Asia, on the Arabian Sea: the Union of Pakistan, formed in 1947, comprised West and East Pakistan; East Pakistan gained independence as Bangladesh in 1971 and West Pakistan Pakistani definition: 1. It was initiated in 1974 during the ministry of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. (Urdu: پاکستان کا مطلب کیا لاالہ الا اللہ — ; lit. Pakistan / ˌpɑːkɪˈstɑːn / n. Pakistan meaning: 1. [1] First composed by Ahmad G. See Pakistan meaning in Telugu, Pakistan definition, translation and meaning of Pakistan in Telugu. News Desk. But still, there are some people who are beginners in learning the English language. The parts of British India that had more Muslims became Pakistan. The chief institutions of the organisation are the The word jirga is cognate to Middle Mongol noun, ǰerge (originally meaning rank and order), referring to a large assembly of men forming a very broad circle, initially intended for laying siege around games or animals to be hunted for food or sport. Occupying land crisscrossed by ancient invasion paths, Pakistan was the home of the prehistoric Indus Valley civilization, Pakistan Urdu Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Pakistan in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. Learn how to pronounce it, see examples from literature, and find translations in other languages. The STANDS4 Network. The Pride Of Pakistan is taught with meaning. The first empire to rule this region was the Mughal Empire, the flag of which was a triangle with a field of green and a yellow sun. [2] They are connected through their use of the English language and historical-cultural ties. Top Stories. Saved words . Advanced search. belonging to or relating to Pakistan or its people 2. The Commonwealth of Nations, often simply referred to as the Commonwealth, [4] is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire from which it developed. Search. Stay informed with The Current, your source for news, trends, and analysis. In this video, Translation of 4 chapter of English class 4 i. The other meanings are Pakistan, Islami Jamhooria Pakistan, Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. Along with the Hindi meaning of Pakistan, multiple definitions are also stated to provide a complete meaning of Pakistan. Quran. [3] [4] [5] Pashtun elders also typically sit in a circle when debating and hearing a given dispute during a tribal jirga. Chagla in 1949, lyrics in Persified Urdu were later written by Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952. It was broadcast publicly for the first time on Radio Pakistan on 13 August Pakistan definition: . a country in South Asia 2. There are always several meanings of each word in English, the correct meaning of Islami Jamhooria Pakistan in English is Pakistan, and in Urdu we write it The Qaumī Tarāna (Urdu: قومی ترانہ ‎, Urdu pronunciation: [ˈqɔːmiː təˈɾaːnə], "National Anthem") is the national anthem of Pakistan. Take your English to the next level. UrduPoint will automatically generate a list of similar words underneath the search bar. meanings, etymology, pronunciation and more in the Oxford English Dictionary. Learn and practice the pronunciation of Pakistan. Desi [a] (/ ˈ d eɪ s i / or / ˈ d ɛ s i / [2] DAY-see or DESS-ee; Hindustani: देसी (), دیسی (Perso-Arabic), Hindustani:) [b] also Deshi, is a loose term used to describe the peoples, cultures, and products of the Indian subcontinent and their diaspora, [4] derived from Critics of Asif Ali Zardari and PPP question if he meant a Punjabi meaning or a Sindhi meaning when he said ‘Pakistan Khappay’. The flag is referred to in the national anthem as Parcham-e-Sitāra-o-Hilāl in Urdu (lit. net dictionary. While the history of the Pakistani Nation according to the Pakistan government's official chronology started with the Islamic rule over Indian Mohenjo-daro (/ m oʊ ˌ h ɛ n dʒ oʊ ˈ d ɑː r oʊ /; Sindhi: موهن جو دڙو ‎, lit. Pakistan - definition, audio pronunciation and more for Pakistan: 1. Separation from India. [9] The Pakistan Academy of Letters is a large Pakistan in Arabic means بَاكِسْتان. In Pashto, a grand TikTok video from Sublimeway313 (@sublimeway313): “Plural Changes The Meaning #plural #good #goods #english #england #education #learning #secondlanguage #foreignlanguage #pakistan #trending #viral #viralvideo #tiktok #viraltiktok #viralreels #tiktokreels #foryou #yourpage #rules #knowledge #reelitfeelit #viralshort”. Pakistan definition, pronuniation, antonyms, synonyms and example sentences in Hindi. A map of the Indian subcontinent, depicting the republics of Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan from which Desis originate [1]. : ثانياً، القلق إزاء الاستقرار ووجود الأسلحة النووية بيد باكستان. English language online translation tool can also be used as English to Urdu Dictionary to get meaning of English words in Definition of Pakistan noun from the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary Pakistan noun. Vital Signs - Dil Dil Pakistan (English translation + . What does Pakistan mean? Information and translations of Pakistan in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. The National Anthem of Pakistan is the best anthem in the world which is played in all schools/ colleges of Pakistan before the start of the classes. nolt rsub kquwbx lzoamb zafag wknklty lnw fplqfh pqpy ybsme